Publication

cjm 75: Perspectives from North America

Thursday, 5 March 2009

This twentieth anniversary issue includes a themed section, guest edited by Stephanie Hayman, that provides a uniquely accessible overview of criminal justice developments in North America.

All too often politicians and their advisers have flown across the Atlantic in search of solutions to the most pressing crime problems of the day.

So it is not too difficult to come up with a list of initiatives that began in different parts of the continent; offender behaviour programmes for prisoners; zero tolerance policing and the broken windows theory of maintaining social order; drug courts; community justice centres; gang disruption programmes - these are just some examples.

The contributors attempt to consider critically some of the policies and practices that have emerged from that continent and the merits of policy transfer to the UK and Europe. Following the historic election of Barack Obama and recent political change in Canada the themed section also seeks to explore the changing criminal justice landscape in those countries with contributions from some of their most well known criminologists.

In this edition

Enver Solomon introduces this issue of cjm

By Enver Solomon

Sarah Armstrong and Fergus McNeill consider a new opportunity to change how penal reform is managed and how the public is engaged

By Sarah Armstrong and Fergus McNeill

Rod Morgan asks if the greater use of out-of-court summary sanctions is desirable and if there are sufficient safeguards in place

By Rod Morgan

Caroline Hunter and Judy Nixon draw attention to evidence that suggests anti-social behaviour is a gendered issue

By Caroline Hunter and Judy Nixon

Barry Loveday assesses proposals to make the police more locally accountable and empower local communities

By Barry Loveday

Jonathan Jackson, Emily Gray and Stephen Farrall explore recent approaches to the fear of crime

By Jonathan Jackson, Emily Gray and Stephen Farrall

Stephanie Hayman reviews the contributions to this themed section

By Stephanie Hayman

Jonathan Simon links the war on crime to the war on terror and considers if President Obama will chart a new course

By Jonathan Simon

Torin Monahan critiques the emergence of data-sharing ‘Fusion Centres’ intended to reduce crime and prevent terrorism

By Torin Monahan

Elliott Currie dissects the ‘deep and continuing crisis’ within the American criminal justice system

By Elliott Currie

George Pavlich takes a critical look at restorative justice practices in Canada

By George Pavlich

Todd Clear considers the impact of high rates of incarceration on crime prevalence in poor American neighbourhoods

By Todd Clear

Amanda Petteruti reviews the startling over-representation of African Americans and other minority communities at each stage of the criminal justice process

By Amanda Petteruti

Dawn Moore reflects on the structure of Drug Treatment Courts in North America and assesses their achievements

By Dawn Moore

Anthony Doob and Jane B Sprott examine the imprisonment rates of young Canadians following the introduction of the Youth Criminal Justice Act in April 2003

By Anthony Doob and Jane B Sprott

Anthony A Braga and Christopher Winship consider Boston’s Operation Ceasefire and the ways in which the model might be implemented in other communities affected by youth violence

By Anthony A Braga and Christopher Winship

James Sheptycki examines the use of guns in crime and suggests that there has been a ‘pistolisation’ of civil society

By James Sheptycki

Faye Taxman outlines a radical ‘shared decision’ model of probation that operates to empower offenders

By Faye Taxman

Maurice Punch offers a personal view of ‘zero tolerance’, suggesting that it is a vacuous sound-bite that can seriously distort policing

By Maurice Punch

Roger Grimshaw describes a new Centre for Crime and Justice Studies research project supported by the Paul Hamlyn Foundation

By Roger Grimshaw